Nevertheless, the main limitation to the clinical use of drugs is their broad bio-distribution and quick half-life. 9 Chemotherapy is the primary therapeutic modality for cancer patients, and this has led to trials for a considerable number of chemotherapeutic anticancer drugs. Cancer is a primary cause of death and despite the availability of various therapy modalities, cancer treatment remains a significant challenge. 1 Core/shell particles scheme with different type of: (I) cores, (II) shells and (III) core/shell with complex structures.ġ.1 Drug delivery Drug delivery involves the release of a bioactive agent of an appropriate size at a desired rate. In addition, the combination of these materials at the nanoscale has led to the advancement of innovative technologies in many fields of science, resulting in the emergence of new fields for micro-strategies in the design and development of biological systems and devices ( Fig. 6 Nanomaterials that have different chemical and physical properties and overlap, play an important role for the complete understanding of some theoretical models, such as the classic particle-in-the-box model, for which classical physics laws have failed to provide an explanation. 5 The advancement of characterization techniques has helped in the creation of structures for these different core–shell nanocomposites. 4 However, the synthesis of nanoparticles is still a complex process requiring a wide range of techniques and the high demand for advanced materials has increased. 2,3 In the 1990s, researchers developed new particles, or unstable semiconductor particles, which had a higher efficiency. In the 1980s, researchers developed new particles, or unstable semiconductor particles, which had a higher efficiency than their allowed particles. 1 In the early studies, researchers examined nanoparticles because these particles had improved properties compared to the bulk materials. 1 Introduction Core–shell particles have become important over the past decade due to their potential in areas such as drug delivery, treatment with biomedical imaging, tumour therapy, and microfluidic devices. Among these techniques, microfluidic methods are unique and reliable routes, which can be used to produce nanoparticles for drug delivery applications. Nanoparticle synthesis is a complex process therefore, various techniques exist for the production of different types of nanoparticles. Heterostructured nanomaterials have more reliable performance than the individual core or shell materials. Recently, more attention has been paid to the production of core–shell nanomaterials because of their use in various fields, such as drug delivery. The ability to acquire, manage, create, and modify structures on a nanoscale is of great interest in scientific and technological fields. Developments in the fields of lab-on-a-chip and microfluidic technology have benefited nanomaterial production processes due to fluid miniaturization.
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